Dragonfly

Dragonfly is an aerial lander that will fly through Titan's atmosphere and land at multiple locations on its surface in the mid-2030s. The mission will explore diverse sites to characterize the habitability of Titan's environment, investigate how far prebiotic chemistry has progressed, and even search for chemical signatures of water- or hydrocarbon-based life.

CAESAR

A comet sample-return mission proposed for NASA's New Frontiers program and being re-proposed for NF5. CAESAR would return to comet 67P and sample its surface — ground-truthing decades of cometary research, with cameras that reveal how these small worlds evolve.

Trident

A mission concept — not ultimately selected for NASA's Discovery program — that would have flown by Neptune's moon Triton, a world that may host a subsurface ocean and was seen by Voyager 2 spewing plumes hundreds of kilometers high. Trident would have imaged nearly all of Triton's surface far better than Voyager 2, and searched for that hidden ocean.

Rosetta · OSIRIS

Rosetta made the first rendezvous with a comet, orbiting 67P for over 2.5 years. Its spectacular dataset transformed our understanding of these small icy worlds and lit a clear path for the next generation of comet science.

Oceanus

A Titan orbiter concept proposed for NASA's New Frontiers program, led by JPL. Oceanus would have mapped Titan's seas and lakes with radar altimetry, sampled its rich atmosphere, and searched for the ingredients of life in its subsurface ocean and organic chemistry.

Cassini RADAR Team

Cassini orbited Saturn for 14 years, making 127 flybys of its largest moon, Titan. Its RADAR peered beneath Titan's thick atmosphere to reveal the most fascinating world we've yet discovered — a mission Sam was fortunate to join during his PhD.